Laboratory technicians conduct important tests on patient samples and analyze the results, as designated by physicians. They communicate the results to physicians, who use them to make their diagnoses. Phlebotomists are health care professionals who specialize in drawing blood from patients for testing, transfusions, or research.

A bioinformatics scientist applies two areas of study – research and technology – to store, organize and analyze highly complex data for use within the field of medicine and science.

Basic researchers and translational researchers are involved in the research process within science and medicine through the study of ‘science for science sake’ to determine general scientific principles without involving clinical trials. Other researchers extend research by applying it directly to medical practice through clinical trials or working with samples taken from patients on clinical trials.

Pharmacists deal with the preparation, dispensing, and appropriate use of medicines.